In this section
Hyponatraemia Intravenous fluids
Electrolyte abnormalities
Common:
Less Common:
Sodium Excess
Red flags in red
Urine osmolality > serum osmolality
Indicates intact urinary concentration
Causes: central DI, nephrogenic DI, renal disease, osmotic diuresis
Causes: gastrointestinal losses, increased insensible losses eg burns, excess sodium intake
Mild hypernatraemia (146-149 mmol/L)
Moderate hypernatraemia (150- 169 mmol/L)
General principles:
Total fluid requirement = maintenance + replacement of deficit + replacement of ongoing losses
Weight (kg)
Rate sodium chloride 0.9% + glucose 5% (mL/hr) if sodium 150-169 mmol/L
4
22
5
27
6
33
7
38
8
44
10
55
12
62
14
68
16
75
18
82
20
90
96
24
100
26
105
28
110
30
114
32
120
34
124
36
128
133
40
138
45
150
50
160
175
60
187
65
195
70
200
Any child with moderate hypernatraemia (≥150 mmol/L)
For emergency advice and paediatric or neonatal ICU transfers, see Retrieval Services
Cause for hypernatraemia identified and treated adequately
Last updated October 2020